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Stokes' Theorem

★★★★★Graduate+

📖Definition

Stokes' Theorem states the surface integral of curl equals the line integral around the boundary. Generalizes the Fundamental Theorem of Calculus.

📐Formulas

∮_C \vecF · d\vecr = ∬_S (∇ × \vecF) · d\vecS

Stokes' Theorem

∈tₐ^b f'(x)dx = f(b) - f(a)

1D special case (FTC)

✏️Examples

예제 1

Strategy to compute ∮ᴄ F·dr using Stokes?

📜History

Discovered by: George Stokes (1854)

Appeared in Kelvin's letter to Stokes; Stokes used it as exam problem.

Applications

Electromagnetism

Maxwell's equations, Faraday's law

Fluid Dynamics

Circulation, vorticity

Differential Geometry

de Rham cohomology

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